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The sources that this article cites have aged very badly and the author doesn't seem to have noticed this

"But, just as happened with nanotech, the wind appears to be going out of the sales of “AI.” Some researchers suggest that we may be entering a new “AI Winter,” a period of decreased funding in the area, or at least an “AI Autumn,” as exuberance for the technology fades and expectations come back to earth." (written in 2021! from the cited Lee Vinsel Medium article)

"ChatGPT is nothing more than souped-up autocomplete, [so] why are so many people convinced that it’s actually “understanding” and “reasoning”?" - the cited Emily M. Bender book, written last year


The author appears to be an LLM. This seems to be a 100% AI-generated article, which makes the "as a media scholar" passage especially hilarious.

If the author is an LLM, it’s a really bad one.

> wind appears to be going out of the sales of “AI.”

is a sentence that virtually no AI would write since the most probable word here is “sails.” I can’t read the article though since it appears that the site is down.

I suspect that it’s just a bad/dated analysis.


Well it's because the article is AI-generated. Same with the Sacks tweet that was on the front page yesterday.

There's a deep irony that all of these "anti-doom" pieces are entirely AI generated.


All of the main characters here (Dario, Sam Altman, Demis Hassabis, Elon Musk) have been saying this for over ten years now, since before OpenAI or Anthropic even existed

This. They've been saying "AI is an extremely powerful, extremely dangerous technology" back when actual AIs were image classifiers that would struggle to tell a cupcake apart from a dog.

OpenAI was founded by people who didn't trust Google to pursue AI tech responsibly. Anthropic was founded by people who didn't trust OpenAI to pursue AI tech responsibly. The "AI is incredibly dangerous" was the zeitgeist of AI labs long before the "hype" - or anything resembling the modern AI capabilities.

The beliefs changed little. The state of technology has changed a whole lot.

We have AIs out in the wild, coordinating in groups to carry out autonomous cyberattacks unprompted. This used to be some prime sci-fi bullshit. It has happened multiple times now in reality.

There are very legitimate reasons to be concerned now. If today's AI can cause the HuggingFace incident if it cooks off, what about tomorrow's? Larger and more capable systems, larger agentic swarms backed by more compute?


Yep, anyone who thinks these leaders are only saying this now for marketing purposes hasn't even done a cursory 15 minute investigation into whether their beliefs are verifiably false.

Intentionally doing this kind of hack would be a serious felony. I don't think it's plausible that the leaders of a major business would:

- commit serious felonies

- in order to deliberately trigger an investigation against themselves

- which - since, in this scenario, they know their company would be investigated - might send them to jail

- while at the same time spending tens of millions of dollars on the Leading the Future super PAC to lobby against AI regulation

- in order to get more AI regulation

- which somehow restricts their competition but not them, even though they are the ones who were in the news and investigated for hacking

- ..... profit?

like, that just makes no sense on any level, regardless of what you think of OpenAI


> I don't think it's plausible that the leaders of a major business would... commit serious felonies…

Unhinged execs can be surprisingly shitty.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EBay_stalking_scandal


I'm not saying they did the hacking intentionally, I'm saying they're intentionally playing loose with the obvious safety measures to make AI seem more dangerous than it is.

Exactly.

Probably not intentionally but they have an incentive in not air-gapping those agents correctly, knowing something might happen.

Incentives drive everything. Both OpenAI and Anthropic love those incidents as they both signal they have models with amazing capabilities and they should be regulated by the government (read: regulation that they will lobby for and that will be difficult to achieve for open source models)


Didn't they find emails and other things from these leaders where they're okay downloading / obtaining content from illegal sources?

There’s quite a gap between pirating content (even en masse) and hacking prominent entities.

No. Not legally.

Has it been normalized? That's another thing.


Yes, there is legally - even in USA where MPAA & RIAA got widest reach, CFAA is still way more serious law to breach, even at scale

MPAA & RIAA isn't what I was thinking. Check https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/506, https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/2319

This isn't 1 movie.


I am not saying it's one movie, though my understanding it would be only 506.a.1.a because there's no redistribution.

I am saying that a) the hacking attack is still considered large scale b) offense against CFAA is heavier than against copyright.

EDIT: BTW, thanks for the direct links, 506.a.1.a is quite different from the usual regime I deal with so I had no idea about that one.


They just need plausible deniability, which is trivial to manufacture at this stage of the game.

"Oops our black box went off the rails. We'll add better logging and alerts next time around."


I don’t think plausible deniability works this way; the black box is still controlled by them and therefore still their responsibility. They are still liable for its actions and the OAI board should be charged with a felony/felonies for this.

Plausible deniability is “I was away from home when my gun was used to murder someone.” This is, at best, “oops, I pulled the trigger accidentally.”


> They are still liable for its actions and the OAI board should be charged with a felony/felonies for this.

You're right in theory, but in practice this hasn't been the case, at least so far.


> Intentionally doing this kind of hack would be a serious felony. I don't think it's plausible that the leaders of a major business would (...)

Fair enough, I can see that line of reasoning. But if they really didn't want it, it really doesn't show from the security of their training environment setup.

And yes I know they used zero days and did all sorts of complicated unexpected stuff, but that doesn't take away that there were also some huge gaps and severe lack of oversight.

I can see the argument they wouldn't want to commit a felony intentionally, but I also don't see them trying very hard to not commit a felony unintentionally. If you get what I mean.

I guess I also agree that it just makes no sense on any level, regardless of what I think of OpenAI -- but that also makes me not wanna trust them very much.


It's unlikely for a serious hack that lands them under scrutiny individually, but people are suspicious because Anthropic is knowingly doing it, and funding doomer NGOs - but the difference is their reported "hacks" are carefully constructed such that it is designed to raise alarm but not to cause damage that would land them in serious personal trouble.

I.e., their now redacted Risk Report of August 2026 was full of incidences of "we observed our agents performing x y z malicious hacking attempts on the open internet ..." and "we -accidently- forgot to sandbox them properly".

And then the reports of statistics of "we stopped x number of terrorists from making nuclear bombs and bioweapons" - meanwhile it's 13 year old Timmy on his mums computer typing in "how too make nuklear bomb" to see how "smart" the AI is.

OpenAI on the other hand, seems to have had some slip-ups (all around the same time as the HuggingFace incident), that keep biting them because they didn't reveal the extent of it upfront and now it's being trickled into the media as if it's a back-to-back event.

It doesn't help when their own employees (Marcus Williams) are putting out ridiculous claims about a 70% chance of human extinction in the next two years to generate clout for their socials. No idea why OpenAI lets them do that...


A much easier hack by their agents would be on their own systems, but I doubt we'll ever see an external message board full of openAI agents discussing their hacking of their own system. OpenAI not protecting itself from its agents would be irrational, but OpenAI not giving a shit about others is well known. You're giving them way too much credit.

but like, they did

The HF incident had them pwn their own cluster: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_OpenAI_agent_cyberattacks...


We have multiple public figures, politicians and business owners, openly committing felonies and bragging about it daily. I don't know why you think this is a deterrent.

The sitting president just offered an open bribe on live television for votes for his party this week.


While his proposed policy is likely extremely unwise there's nothing illegal about it.

Bullshit. $5,000 for everyone if they vote to keep the GOP in power is clearly illegal.

https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/597

> Whoever makes or offers to make an expenditure to any person, either to vote or withhold his vote, or to vote for or against any candidate; and

> Whoever solicits, accepts, or receives any such expenditure in consideration of his vote or the withholding of his vote—

> Shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both; and if the violation was willful, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than two years, or both.


It's no more illegal than promising a tax cut for everyone if you're elected. What you can't do is promise money exclusively to the people who vote for you. That's bribery.

https://www.politico.com/news/2026/03/23/trump-denies-disast...

> The president has approved just 23 percent of blue state requests for disaster aid, compared to 89 percent for red states.

He seems to do exactly that.


Yes, the President enjoys great latitude to do things that are ill advised, immoral, or harmful without breaking any laws.

The Fourteenth Amendment’s equal protection clause would seem to disagree in this scenario.

Then I guess the states' attorneys general are suckers for not bothering to bring a case.


What he did was promise to enact a massive stimulus if elected. If that is illegal you might as well ban any kind of campaigning, because any campaign promise could be construed as a "bribe" to deliver concrete benefits to voters.

> What he did was promise to enact a massive stimulus if elected.

In an election he's not on the ballot for, and it's contingent on his buddies getting picked. He could push for $5,000 checks now - he's not because it's a bribe, and he hasn't gotten what he wants out of it yet. He already has Republicans in control of the House and Senate to do things.


None of that makes it, legally, an illegal bribe.

Okay, so Biden promising stimulus checks in 2020 was also a bribe to vote for him?

Biden was a) on the ballot, and b) didn't condition it on his buddies also getting elected. You'll note that the Senate was controlled by Mitch McConnell when the American Rescue Plan Act was voted on.

See also: Disaster aid depends on whether your state is a blue or red state in this administration. https://www.politico.com/news/2026/03/23/trump-denies-disast...

> The president has approved just 23 percent of blue state requests for disaster aid, compared to 89 percent for red states.


If “his buddies” are not elected the President cannot realistically enact legislation.

> You'll note that the Senate was controlled by Mitch McConnell when the American Rescue Plan Act was voted on.

Please, read the posts you're replying to. I gave a clear example proving that they can indeed do so. Biden's stimulus payments were not conditional on Democratic control of Congress.


Didn't they make Apple employees they're poaching still Apple hardware and show it to them?

Doing crime unintentionally doesn't get you off the hook

I sort of implied the other thing in my comment. But.

There is no version of america that exists today where a billionaire gets sent to prison.

This is the moment in history where this shit is possible and accepted. If they don't do it now, they never can.


Didn’t Epstein get sent to prison?

Not exactly a billionaire.

SBF is a better example since he was actually sentenced and an actual billionaire (and did not get pardoned by Biden like the cynical "all politicians are equally corrupt" crowd on HN were adamant was a done deal, even though that theory never made any sense).

Not initially, no.

Regulatory capture is a strategy. It doesn't hurt existing competitors at scale, but it greatly peanalizes newer underfinanced competition.

Here's the paper describing the technique: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08025-4


I don't think "he did a big 180 on some of his views at age 22" is very persuasive criticism of someone who is 46 (whatever he might be wrong about)


This article seems to mix together two different points:

1) LLM's written CoT might not always be faithful to the model's real reasoning process (true and important)

2) The "stochastic parrot" hypothesis, which the article reintroduces as "approximate retrieval" - ie, LLMs don't "really reason" at all, they just memorize a lossy encoding of their training data. This obviously raises the question of how LLMs can now routinely solve open mathematical problems, with no solutions in the training data by definition. The article handwaves this with:

"The model doesn’t have to learn or reliably apply a general reasoning process, Kambhampati said; it just has to absorb enough examples of what the steps look like to predictively mimic them on its way to “stitching together” a plausible result that can then be verified."

The problem is that "mimicking" training data to arrive at a "plausible" result gets you an incorrect-but-plausible-sounding "proof" of the Jacobian conjecture, which was famous for humans writing plausible-looking "proofs" that had subtle flaws. You can't disprove the conjecture through sheer luck (search space too large) or "approximate retrieval" (the only thing you'd retrieve are fake "proofs"; far more human effort went into proof than disproof) or by writing something "plausible" that just happens to be correct (Jacobian was famous for "plausible" but wrong); the model must be carrying out mathematical reasoning somehow, by any sane definition of the word, even if it isn't fully reflected in CoT. The article doesn't address this.


> This obviously raises the question of how LLMs can now routinely solve open mathematical problems

Because many open math problems can be solved by synthesizing two disparate ideas and then cranking the handle for hours and hours. I don't think applying idea X + idea Y to identify a good subset of the search space, and then exhaustively searching that subset, is --necessarily-- a process that involves reasoning. I think this is why so many LLM results in mathematics are counterexamples that disprove open conjectures.

When I look back at the reasoning process after an LLM completes a task where I expected it to fail, I usually find many approaches that make no sense and are doomed to failure, before it lands by drunkard's walk on a method that happens to work.

(This does not mean LLMs are useless or that I necessarily agree with the claim that they never do reasoning.)


same in cyber security. They can go and scan huge amounts of code for lame bugs, and do it better than traditional scanners.


This is a 2024 survey, so it predates Claude Code and is mostly measuring GPT-4o:

https://bfi.uchicago.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/BFI_WP_2...


LLMs recently solved a major, famous open mathematical problem in combinatorial geometry:

https://www.reddit.com/r/math/comments/1tj534d/openais_inter...


The median American is, materially, much richer than the median person pretty much anywhere else. The US is a bad place, by rich-country standards, to be in the bottom 10%. But in terms of consumer wealth - how large your house is, how many cars your family has and how nice they are, if you have a dishwasher and home A/C, how often you eat at restaurants or travel long distances, can you afford a home repair or the latest gadget - typical American workers are second to essentially nobody. Having grown up in and left the US, I am deeply familiar with all of its downsides, but there's an abundance of data to support this.


The problem is that many Americans are so bogged down in expenses that they don't feel wealthy despite their median wealth. For example, it's basically assumed that you must have a car and pay its high recurring expenses, including ancilliary expenses like having a home big enough to have a parking space.


Being completely car dependent is to me a fundamental problem in much of both countries, and the advantage USA has is that the cost of running a car (or often 2 especially for a family) takes a smaller part of a middle class salary. In UK , Europe, many countries outside of N America you're just not forced to own a car in the same way. That's not just extra costs when you've got a family, but a source of isolation for people that are old or disabled. (Not to discount the many other wonderful fantastic things about life in N America. :) )


It's not like Americans are all buying X so they can't afford to buy Y - there isn't really a major category of consumption where the US median is below the OECD median. If the US had a higher savings rate, then people could smooth out consumption more (build up savings some years, draw them down in bad years or in retirement), and maybe enjoy more psychological security. But it doesn't really make sense to say that Americans are unusually "bogged down in expenses" and yet have more goods and services in every significant category.


I read through your example but couldn't find the problem. This all sounds good to me.


To me it's want versus need. A lot of people feel like they're forced into things like that and don't feel wealthy despite being wealthy by any objective measure.


I think that's an indication of a successful society. How people feel about their wealth isn't something society should be responsible for. It's a personal, philosophical, and maybe spiritual struggle.


Yup. That's the brainwashing for you.

That having a bit more money matters when your employer can fire you for any reason. When college costs are astronomical. When you can lose your healthcare for any reason. When getting cancer might mean losing your house. When housing costs mean that anyone who rents could well be thrown out into the street.

But your tv is bigger than three average tv in Germany. For sure!

That's not quality of life. That's trinkets to hide the horrors. All good as long as you don't think about it and get lucky.

Wealthy America is great though.


You’re wrong, but this essay is about Canada so I’ll focus on that.

The median canadian earns more than the median USian and we do it without letting kids go hungry in schools or murder squads.


Median American pay for full-time workers was ~$62,000 USD in Q4 2024 (BLS), which is around $85,000 CAD. The median Canadian salary is very definitely not $85,000 CAD.


Now adjust for PPP and subtract healthcare costs. Not to mention all the other benefits Canada provides.


If you are going to play this game you also need to adjust for taxes. I lived a few years in Montreal, then a few years in Toronto and after that I moved to US. During this years my perception of income taxes went from “they are pretty high” in Montreal to “Wow, they are much lower” in Toronto to “how are public services funded? Taxes are almost 0” in the states..


I’m not playing a game, I’m comparing facts. The median person working in the US is poorer than the median person working in Canada. Fact.

Average tax rates for people with the median income are basically the same in Canada or the US.


Canadian income tax rates: [0]. Lowest tax rate for Ontario is about 19%(federal + provincial). For Quebec it is about 28% (!!!)

For WA state - we only pay federal tax so the comparable tax rate is 12% [1].

These rates mirror my perception when I lived in Montreal, Toronto, WA state.

[0] https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/individ...

[1] https://www.irs.gov/filing/federal-income-tax-rates-and-brac...


Then you’re paying higher consumption taxes and property taxes, and higher prices on business costs passed on to you. Do I even have to explain this? Just because you can’t see the ball anymore doesn’t mean it stopped existing


I guess you have not lived in Canada... In Canada consumption taxes is for both federal and provincial (and city) governments. In US there is no federal consumption tax.

(I think it is you who needs explaining not me....)


In 2023, the median Canadian income was roughly $44K CAD. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=111000...

Looks like the USA in 2024 was $51K USD. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_income_in_the_United_...

I know we need to adjust for health care, but I think the median income in the USA is higher.


A ten year old Honda Fit is like $12K, pretty fuel efficient, and probably reliable and low-maintenance (I owned one until recently). People aren't buying $50,000 new Ford F-150s because they just need a working car to go to work and the grocery store.


> People aren't buying $50,000 new Ford F-150s because they just need a working car to go to work and the grocery store.

Let me introduce you to half of my block. And I live in a city with fantastic public transit where you don't even need a car. I see those loan notices in mailboxes....


you’re opening your neighbors’ mailboxes and reading their mail?


No, I am not.


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